International Relations (IR) is the study of interactions among countries, including the roles of states, international organizations, non-governmental organizations, and multinational corporations. Essays on IR could explore various theories (e.g., realism, liberalism, constructivism) and their applications to contemporary global issues. They might delve into case studies of particular international disputes, alliances, or treaties, and explore the implications of different ideological or policy approaches to international affairs. A substantial compilation of free essay instances related to International Relations you can find at PapersOwl Website. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.
With Europe being in a state of disarray from the battles fought in World War One only twenty years prior to World War II it was not surprising that another war on Europe broke out. A key factor to the start of the Second World War was Adolph Hitler. Hitler saw an opening in the also unstable nation of Germany to rise to power and assert himself as the most powerful in Germany. The events leading up to World War […]
Would a country deceive its people in such a way that it is willing to sacrifice the lives of its own to accomplish the governments secret agenda? This is the question for many conspiracy theorists on the attack that took place December 7, 1941. The assault on the American naval base of Pearl Harbor, Hawaii was a devastating event that crippled the United States pacific fleet, but the events of the previous years may have provided insight to what was […]
Introduction World War I, often referred to as "The Great War," was a monumental event in global history that reshaped nations, altered political landscapes, and set the stage for significant technological advancements. For me, the study of World War I is not merely an academic pursuit but a journey into understanding how the world as we know it came to be. The reluctance of the United States to join the conflict, followed by its rise as a global powerhouse, exemplifies […]
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Place orderAlmost 400 years before Columbus touched American soil, Pope Urban II decreed that the salvation of the West lay in the East. At the end of the 11th century he launched a campaign to conquer Jerusalem promising deliverance as collateral and escape from an unfertile, war weary Europe (Peters 28). For centuries Western civilization’s relationship with the Near and Middle East waxed and waned, always more complex. Like many international powers before, the United States now stands at the shore […]
At its core, nationalism in China serves to advance the nation's interests. The rise of Chinese nationalism is characterized by its diplomacy in the maritime space, global economic ventures, and security advancements that have demonstrated China's new assertiveness and challenged United States foreign policy. It has been argued that Chinese national identity has ties to historical beliefs of a desire for dignity, resulting from feelings of humiliation from China's first encounters with Western and Japanese imperialism. This underlying belief, coupled […]
Our past shapes the way we act in the future. With that said, I agree with George Santayana when he wrote, “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it”. For instance, if we did not learn about the devastating attack on the World Trade Center (where planes were hijacked and flown directly into the World Trade Center towers in New York), then another similar horrific event could occur. Because we have learned about and remember this event, […]
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Place orderThroughout history, imperialism has had a profound effect on many different countries and their conquests. Imperialism is the process by which a larger and/or more dominant country seeks to extend its jurisdiction beyond its own borders (Citation?, year). Imperialistic countries seek and have this motive to expand their borders into other countries because the expansion of territory allows for the acquisition of more resources and in turn: the gaining of more power. In order to accomplish this expansion, these countries […]
America’s role in foreign affairs underwent significant changes from 1865-1920. Prior to this period, Americans were generally indifferent to and minimally involved in foreign affairs. America was primarily focused on domestic issues such as the Civil War, industrialization, and settlement of the west. However, this changed after 1865, the end of the Civil War, for many reasons. For one, industrial growth led to larger production quantities and a need for bigger markets and additional raw materials. In addition, the Spanish-American […]
The period following World War II was marked by intense social and political upheaval in the United States, fueled by fears of communism and a yearning for civil rights and equality. This era was characterized by a series of movements that sought to redefine the very fabric of American society. From the infamous Red Scare led by Senator Joseph McCarthy to the powerful waves of civil rights, anti-war, and feminist movements, Americans were engaged in a battle for justice and […]
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Place orderSlavery's chains tangled with Manifest Destiny as America marched toward civil war. Manifest Destiny was a 19th-century doctrine that suggested the United States was divinely chosen to expand across the North American continent, a belief that provided the ideological justification for territorial expansion. However, this expansionist zeal was consistently accompanied by the unresolved and divisive issue of slavery, sparking heated debates over whether newly acquired territories should allow slavery. Ultimately, the election of a Republican president from the North accelerated […]
In the complex and often tumultuous geopolitical landscape of South Asia, realism has long been the guiding philosophy for major players like India and Pakistan. This ideology, with its focus on an anarchic world order where power and war hold central positions, has shaped the bilateral relations between these two nations. Despite attempts to achieve temporary peace through treaties, confidence-building measures, and agreements, the relationship remains fraught with tension. The end of the Cold War was expected to usher in […]
Cries of "Long live reform! Down with the ministers! echo down the boulevards of Paris, as a cloud of men advance with torches and a red flag in hand (Lamartine). Over the past couple days, disturbances had arisen in Paris as these men demanded political reform. On this February night of 1848, this small spark of nationalism will ignite an explosion of revolutions across Europe. As defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary, nationalism is "loyalty and devotion to a nation especially: […]
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Place orderNepal's decade-long civil conflict, which spanned from 1996 to 2006, was marked by widespread human rights violations, including unlawful killings, disappearances, abductions, and tortures. Despite the establishment of transitional justice mechanisms such as the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) and the Commission of Investigation on Enforced Disappeared Persons (CIEDP), justice remains elusive for many victims and their families. This essay aims to explore the complexities and challenges of Nepal’s transitional justice process, highlighting the political instability that preceded the conflict, […]
In June 2016, the United Kingdom held a referendum that led to the historic decision to leave the European Union, an event widely known as Brexit. This decision was primarily driven by the UK's desire for greater autonomy and sovereignty, fueling discussions on the implications of such a move. The UK, being the largest market within the EU and a significant economic contributor, faced complex economic and political dynamics that influenced its choice. By leaving the EU, Britain aimed to […]
Few presidents have had to face such a monumental and formative event during their term such as Woodrow Wilson had to with World War I. In the decades before Wilson's election, the United States faced unprecedented internal growth, largely due to advancements in technology and infrastructure: "the U.S population tripled. The value of manufacturing became six times larger. Cities grew up and out. While the election of 1912 mainly concerned itself with issues of how the government would handle the […]
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Place orderDuring the period from 1850 to about 1910, the United States underwent a significant transformation, marked by its adoption of imperialist policies. This essay delves into the multifaceted motivations behind American imperialism, which was driven by four main factors: economic interests, political ambitions, geographic strategies, and cultural ideologies. By examining these driving forces, we can better understand the complex nature of American expansion during this era. The United States sought to assert its influence globally, aspiring to become a dominant […]
Manifest Destiny was the mindset that many Americans held, believing it was their God-given right to expand the country's borders from the Atlantic to the Pacific. However, many people suffered because of this expansionist mentality, particularly during the 1840s. The United States government used many underhanded techniques to acquire the land that it desired, often at a costly price for the previous landowners. While Americans perceived Manifest Destiny as a benevolent movement, it was carried out as an aggressive imperialist […]
The situation in Darfur represents a complex tapestry of intersecting conflicts driven by historical, political, and socio-economic factors. The crisis, often labeled as genocide, has sparked global debates and calls for intervention. This essay will explore the multi-layered nature of the Darfur conflict, examining the key players, historical context, and the global response, while addressing the contentious issue of whether the events in Darfur qualify as genocide. Origins of the Conflict The roots of the crisis in Darfur can be […]
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Place orderIntroduction The Israel-Palestine conflict remains one of the most enduring and contentious geopolitical issues of the modern era. This protracted struggle, rooted in historical, religious, and territorial disputes, has shaped the socio-political landscape of the Middle East and has far-reaching implications on global politics. The dispute primarily revolves around competing nationalistic claims to land within the boundaries of what is now Israel and the Palestinian territories. These claims are steeped in historical assertions and religious significance, often leading to a […]
Introduction World peace remains one of the most sought-after yet elusive goals in international relations. The concept transcends the mere absence of conflict to encompass the presence of justice, equality, and human rights across the globe. In a world characterized by political, economic, and cultural diversity, achieving peace necessitates a multifaceted approach. It involves not only diplomatic efforts but also grassroots initiatives and policy reforms. The quest for world peace has been a central theme in the works of many […]
Australia sure sparks a cool debate: Is it a country or a continent? Well, it's actually both! Australia's unique because it's not just a sovereign nation—it's also a whole continent. Each label packs a punch, bringing its own meaning and impact. To get why Australia wears these two hats, let's dive into what makes it tick on the world stage. As a country, Australia's a solid political player known officially as the Commonwealth of Australia. It became a federation in […]
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Place orderEver wondered if the Bahamas is part of the United States? It's a common question because they're so close and share lots of culture. But nah, the Bahamas isn't part of the USA. It's its own boss with its own government, laws, and vibe. The Bahamas isn't just one island—it's a bunch, like around 700 islands and over 2,000 little cays. They sit in the Atlantic Ocean, not far from Florida and Cuba. They got their independence from the UK […]
During World War II, appeasement was like trying to calm down a ticking time bomb. Britain and France, spooked by the horrors of World War I, hoped to dodge another disaster by giving in to some of Hitler's demands. They figured if they handed over a slice of Czechoslovakia to Germany, it might keep the peace. But boy, were they wrong. The big moment came with the Munich Agreement of 1938. Britain, France, Italy, and Germany shook hands, letting Hitler […]
The killing of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria on June 28, 1914, in Sarajevo is often called the spark that lit up World War I. This wasn't just some local political hit—it set off a chain reaction that dragged the whole world into one of the deadliest wars ever. Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb nationalist, pulled the trigger, driven by a mix of national pride, imperialism, and tangled alliances that defined Europe in the early 1900s. Franz Ferdinand, next in […]
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Place orderThe day Archduke Franz Ferdinand got shot in Sarajevo back in 1914 wasn't just some random event—it set off a chain reaction that blew up into World War I. This wasn't just about one guy getting killed; it rocked the world, reshaping nations, toppling empires, and costing millions of lives. Here's how it all went down: Franz Ferdinand, next in line for Austria-Hungary's throne, was visiting Bosnia, a region that both Austria-Hungary and Serbia had their eyes on. Serbia, itching […]
After World War I, a bold and ambitious attempt was made to promote international cooperation and avert future hostilities with the establishment of the League of Nations. But in the end, the League was unable to fulfill its main goals, even in spite of its admirable intentions and early promise. Gaining an understanding of the causes for its failure is essential to appreciating the difficulties in sustaining world peace and the intricacies of international relations. The absence of enforcement authority […]
The Treaty of Nanjing, signed in 1842, marked a watershed moment in Sino-British relations and the broader context of global trade and imperialism. This treaty, which concluded the First Opium War, had profound and far-reaching consequences for China, Britain, and the international community. The roots of the Treaty of Nanjing lie in the complex dynamics of the early 19th century, characterized by the rapid expansion of British commercial interests and the Qing dynasty's attempts to regulate foreign trade. By the […]
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Place orderThe Zimmermann Note also known as the Zimmermann Telegram stands as a significant event in the context of World War I illustrating the complexities of international diplomacy and espionage. This secret communication sent by the German Empire to Mexico in January 1917 proposed a military alliance against the United States. The interception and subsequent publication of the note had profound implications notably accelerating the United States' entry into the war. Authored by Arthur Zimmermann the German Foreign Secretary the telegram […]
The attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 1941 remains one of the most significant and controversial events in modern history. Japan's decision to bomb the American naval base was not a rash or spontaneous act but rather a calculated military strategy with deep-rooted geopolitical and economic motivations. Understanding why Japan bombed Pearl Harbor requires an exploration of the complex interplay between resource scarcity imperial ambition and strategic military planning. In the early 20th century Japan was an emerging industrial […]
The head of state is a figure of immense significance representing the highest authority within a country. Their role encompasses a blend of symbolic ceremonial and executive functions reflecting the political structure and traditions of their nation. This post delves into the multifaceted responsibilities of a head of state shedding light on their pivotal role in governance diplomacy and national unity. At the heart of a head of state's duties lies the embodiment of national identity and unity. This symbolic […]
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