The Legacy of the Cherokee Nation

Native Americans, the forefathers of our nation, are the ones who inhabited this beautiful land we call home long before European settlers arrived and officially documented it. Most importantly, they introduced new ways of life and the essence of abundance, care, and spirituality. This essay is dedicated to exploring one of the most significant tribes in our country: the Cherokee Nation. The Cherokee are renowned for their rich culture and history, having played critical roles in various historical events, including their alliance with the British during the French and Indian War, their support for America in the War of 1812, and their courageous resistance against American oppression during the Indian Wars of the 1800s.

The Cherokee are undoubtedly one of the greatest nations inhabiting the U.S. today. This is why I delve into the subject of the "Tsalagi," which means Cherokee in their language, to unravel their significant contributions and enduring legacy.

Origins and History

The origins of the Cherokee are shrouded in mystery. However, it is understood that they arrived on the continent through the same northern passage as other tribes, battling harsh conditions to settle in their southern homeland. Their language is Iroquoian, and they share many traditions with their northern relatives, such as the Sioux, Pawnee, and Cheyenne. The Cherokee were established in the 20th century and eventually settled in Oklahoma, where they remain a vital part of the state's population.

Today, the Cherokee Nation boasts a population of approximately 260,000 tribal citizens worldwide, with about 120,000 residing within the tribe's boundaries. This makes them the largest Native American tribe in Oklahoma and the second largest in the United States. Another branch, the Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians, has a presence in Oklahoma and an eastern chapter headquartered in North Carolina. The Cherokee Nation, having endured countless hardships, including war, massacres, and forced relocation, exemplifies resilience. The infamous Trail of Tears stands as a testament to their struggle, where President Andrew Jackson's Indian Removal Act of 1830 led to the forceful displacement of many Native nations.

Struggles and Resilience

The Trail of Tears remains one of the darkest chapters in American history. Despite the act's provision for fair negotiation, President Jackson's government forcibly removed Native Americans from their ancestral lands. This resulted in immense suffering for several tribes, including the Cherokee, Choctaw, and Creeks. A Choctaw leader poignantly described it as a "trail of tears and death." Of the 15,000 Creeks who embarked on the journey to Oklahoma, 3,500 perished along the way.

The Cherokee were divided on how to respond. Some wanted to fight, while others saw relocation as a viable option. The Treaty of New Echota in 1835, negotiated by self-appointed representatives of the Cherokee, exchanged their land for $5 million and relocation assistance. This treaty, however, was deemed a betrayal by many Cherokee, as it did not reflect the tribal government's wishes or the people's interests. Principal Chief John Ross vehemently opposed the treaty, rallying nearly 16,000 Cherokee signatures on a petition to have it revoked. Despite this, Congress approved the treaty, leading to further division within the Cherokee.

The Cherokee Civil War erupted, leaving many treaty leaders dead. Peace was eventually achieved in 1846, but soon after, the American Civil War ensnared the Cherokee once more. During the interim period, known as the "Golden Age of the Cherokees," the tribe experienced economic, cultural, and social growth, establishing schools, newspapers, and institutions. However, the Civil War shattered this prosperity, with the tribe divided between the Union and Confederate causes.

Cultural Heritage and Governance

The Cherokee Nation’s cultural heritage is rich and multifaceted. Their government, recognized as a Tribal Government by the federal government, enjoys sovereign status. The Cherokee Nation’s constitution, first established in 1975 and updated in 2006, mirrors the U.S. government’s structure with executive, legislative, and judicial branches. The Principal Chief, elected by popular vote, leads the executive branch, while the Tribal Council and judicial courts manage legislative and legal affairs.

To be a citizen of the Cherokee Nation, one must have a direct ancestor on the Dawes Final Rolls, a federal census used to distribute land in preparation for Oklahoma statehood in 1907. The Cherokee's religious beliefs blend Christianity with traditional spirituality, emphasizing the spirit world, sacred animals, and the significance of numbers like four and seven. River purification holds a pivotal role in their faith, symbolizing renewal and purification.

Modern Challenges and Achievements

The Cherokee Nation exemplifies resilience and adaptability. While they manage their affairs autonomously, they face modern challenges, including poverty and limited access to natural resources. Despite these hurdles, the Cherokee have made significant strides under leaders like Principal Chief Chad Smith and current Chief Bill John Baker. Their economic ventures, including Cherokee Nation Businesses and defense contracting, provide employment and bolster the state's economy.

The Cherokee Nation’s story is one of pride, duty, honor, and heritage. They are integral to America’s tapestry, contributing to its cultural and historical richness. As we continue to acknowledge and appreciate their heritage, it is crucial to honor their enduring legacy and recognize their vital role in shaping the nation.

This rewritten essay enhances the original by providing additional context, elaborating on key points, and introducing new ideas and examples to make it more detailed and nuanced. The word count has been increased by expanding on the Cherokee Nation's history, struggles, and contributions, while maintaining the original content's essence.

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