Sacrament of Baptism

The background of baptism can be traced to Old Testament times. It goes as far back as the book of Genesis when Noah and his family were saved from the flood in the judgment of God. In 1 Peter 3:21, Peter pointed out that the water of the flood “symbolizes baptism that now saves you.” Even the Old Testament prophets such as Isaiah, Ezekiel, and David also used water as a symbol for the cleansing of the internal man (Isa. 1:16; Ezek. 36:25ff; Ps.

51:2).

According to the Christian Research Institute, John the Baptist was the final prophet of the Old Testament covenant. When John baptized Jesus in the Jordan, he was bringing in the Old Testament prophecy of the messiah. Behind the symbol of baptism is the substance of baptism, which is the blood of Jesus Christ removing our sinfulness. As water cleanses the outer man from soil and sweat, so the blood of Jesus Christ cleanses the inner man from the stain of sin (The Importance of Baptism).

This essay will explore the belief behind baptism, its representations, address misconceptions, and examine its relationship with Jesus Christ. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of baptism's significance within the Christian faith.

The Belief in Baptism

First, Christians believe that baptism is an ordinance of the Lord. This means that Jesus commanded it and, as such, it remains an ongoing practice of the church. This command is plainly laid out in Matthew 28:19-20: “Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you.” In this context, as John Piper explains, the main verb is “make disciples,” with the participles “baptizing” and “teaching” defining how discipleship is to be carried out. Thus, baptism is integral to the process of making disciples and is meant to continue until the end of the age, as promised by Christ in Matthew 28:20: “And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”

One of the most compelling narratives demonstrating the importance of baptism comes from Acts 8:28-40, where Philip, guided by the Holy Spirit, encounters an Ethiopian eunuch reading from Isaiah. Philip explains the scripture, and the eunuch, moved by the message, requests to be baptized immediately, showing baptism as a response to understanding and accepting the gospel.

Representation of Baptism

Second, baptism symbolizes our union with Jesus in His death and resurrection. Romans 6:3-4 states, “Do you not know that all of who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death?” This passage highlights that through baptism, believers are buried with Christ into death and raised to walk in newness of life. John Piper further elaborates that baptism portrays the spiritual transformation that occurs when one receives Christ. The old self, marred by unbelief and sin, dies, and a new self, characterized by faith and devotion, emerges.

Additionally, Kirsi Stjerna emphasizes that baptism is a mystery that requires philosophical imagination and faith, as Martin Luther noted in his “Large Catechism.” This mystery is a lifelong study for Christians, who must firmly believe in the promises baptism brings. Gordon Jensen adds that baptism immerses individuals into Christ’s body, the church, making it a place of God’s epiphany and incarnation, where grace, forgiveness, and life are proclaimed.

Misconceptions about Baptism

A prevalent misconception about baptism is the belief that it is necessary for salvation. Certain movements, like the International Churches of Christ, assert that belief alone is insufficient for salvation and that baptism is also required. They often cite Acts 2:38, where Peter instructs to “repent and be baptized,” as proof of this. However, a deeper examination of scripture suggests otherwise. Acts 10:47-48 describes believers who received the Holy Spirit before being baptized, indicating that baptism is a sign of conversion, not the means. The Bible consistently teaches that salvation is by faith, not by works (Eph. 2:8-9). Paul’s response in Acts 16:30-31 further clarifies this, emphasizing belief in Jesus as the path to salvation.

While baptism is not essential for salvation, it serves as a declaration that we belong to Christ, having been purchased by His blood and brought into the faith community. Thus, Peter’s command in Acts 2:38 highlights that genuine repentance, a grace-enabled response to salvation, is evidenced through baptism (The Importance of Baptism).

Baptism's Relationship with Jesus

Finally, baptism’s relationship with Jesus Christ is profound. Dr. Ray Pritchard outlines three aspects: turning from a life of sin to a new life in Christ, publicly identifying with Jesus's death, burial, and resurrection, and openly joining the community of believers. Baptism visually represents the gospel; standing in water symbolizes Jesus's crucifixion, immersion represents His burial, and emerging from the water signifies His resurrection. This personal decision to be baptized is a proclamation of faith, declaring, “Christ died for me, I was buried with him, and now I am raised with Christ to a brand new life” (Pritchard, Dr. Ray).

Conclusion

In conclusion, baptism is a deeply personal decision ordained by Jesus for believers to publicly declare their faith. As emphasized in Matthew 10:32, acknowledging Christ before others leads to His acknowledgment before the Father. Martin Luther eloquently described baptism as a source of strength and comfort, a promise of salvation, and a jewel adorning our spiritual life. Through baptism, we celebrate our transformation and commitment to Christ, setting us apart as members of His body. By understanding its significance, symbolism, and relationship with Jesus, Christians can fully appreciate baptism as an essential aspect of their faith journey.

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