Health and Social Perspectives on Cannabis Vs. Alcohol

Introduction

The debate surrounding the legalization of cannabis has gained significant traction across the United States, with Michigan being one of the many states to legalize it. While discussions continue on whether cannabis should be legalized, a critical comparison often emerges: the impact of cannabis versus alcohol on the human body. This essay posits that alcohol is more detrimental to human health than cannabis, despite both substances being legal in Michigan. By delving into the historical uses of cannabis, its benefits, and contrasting these with the well-documented adverse effects of alcohol, this essay aims to substantiate the argument that the legal and societal perception of these substances needs reevaluation.

Historical Context and Benefits of Cannabis

Cannabis has a long history of utility dating back to 6000 B.C., where it was utilized for food and textiles. Its applications have since evolved, finding a place in modern medicine and industry. Cannabis has been shown to alleviate symptoms related to chronic pain, epilepsy, and even some mental health disorders. Its fibers are used in the textile industry to produce durable clothing. Unlike alcohol, which has a more limited scope of beneficial applications, cannabis offers a broader spectrum of positive impacts on both health and industry.

Health Implications of Cannabis and Alcohol

There is a prevalent belief that cannabis, often labeled a 'street drug,' is inherently harmful. Critics argue that it can lead to financial instability and impaired driving, contributing to its negative reputation. Concerns also exist regarding its impact on adolescents, as studies indicate potential learning impairments and stunted brain development. Nevertheless, these concerns pale in comparison to the well-documented adverse effects of alcohol on the body. While moderate alcohol consumption may reduce the risk of heart disease, excessive drinking is a leading cause of liver disease, digestive issues, and malnutrition, according to HealthLine (Pietrangelo and Holland).

Both substances can adversely affect brain development, but alcohol is particularly notorious for shrinking the frontal lobes, crucial for memory, problem-solving, and social behavior. The risks are exacerbated when alcohol is consumed during the developmental years, potentially leading to irreversible damage. Furthermore, alcohol consumption has been linked to various cancers, whereas emerging research suggests cannabis may possess cancer-fighting properties.

Mortality and Addiction

One of the most stark differences between cannabis and alcohol is their respective lethality. Alcohol-related deaths are alarmingly high, with over 30,700 fatalities reported in 2014 alone, as noted by Erin Brodwin of BusinessInsider. In contrast, cannabis has yet to be directly linked to any overdose deaths. Overdosing on cannabis would require the consumption of an implausible amount — approximately 1,500 pounds within 15 minutes. A comprehensive 16-year study involving over 65,000 Americans published in the American Journal of Public Health found no increased mortality risk among healthy cannabis users compared to non-users (Brodwin).

Addiction is another area where the two substances differ significantly. While cannabis is often thought to be addictive, it lacks the chemical properties that lead to dependence. Any perceived addiction is typically psychological, stemming from habitual use rather than chemical dependency. Conversely, alcohol alters brain chemistry by increasing dopamine levels, which creates a sense of euphoria and can lead to addiction, particularly among individuals with low self-esteem or depression.

Accessibility and Legal Concerns

A common argument against the legalization of cannabis is the potential for increased accessibility to minors. Critics like German Lopez from Vox worry that legalization might make cannabis more accessible, leading to misuse among youths. However, alcohol has been legally accessible for decades, and underage access remains a challenge. The legalization of cannabis does not inherently increase accessibility to minors, as evidenced by the continued illicit access to alcohol despite its legal status. Legal frameworks can include safeguards to prevent underage cannabis use, similar to those in place for alcohol.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while both cannabis and alcohol have their drawbacks, alcohol poses a significantly greater threat to public health and safety. Its potential for addiction, severe health consequences, and high mortality rate make it a more dangerous substance than cannabis. The legalization and perception of these substances should reflect their respective impacts on health and society. By understanding the nuanced differences between cannabis and alcohol, policymakers and the public can make more informed decisions regarding their use and regulation. Cannabis should not be stigmatized in the same manner as alcohol, given its lesser harm and potential benefits.

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