Heritage Threads in Walker’s “Use”

Traditions have been a cornerstone of human societies for centuries, embodying the essence of cultural identity and continuity. They manifest in various forms, from cherished family heirlooms to revered cultural rituals, each playing a significant role in preserving the heritage passed down through generations. In the short story "Everyday Use," written in 1973 by Alice Walker, the author masterfully explores the intricate dynamics of family heritage and identity. Through the lens of a mother and her two daughters, Walker illustrates the contrasting perspectives on cultural inheritance and the profound significance of familial bonds.

The Divergent Paths of Heritage

Walker introduces us to Mama, the resilient and pragmatic narrator, who embodies the traditional values of her rural community. Mama is a formidable character, both a mother and a father to her daughters, as she navigates the challenges of raising them in a small village. Her description of herself as "a large big-boned woman with rough, man-working hands" (Walker 655) paints a vivid picture of her strength and determination. Mama's life is deeply rooted in the simplicity of her surroundings, and she takes immense pride in providing for her family.

In contrast to Mama's grounded nature, her daughters, Maggie and Dee, represent two distinct approaches to heritage. Maggie, the younger daughter, is a quiet and reserved young woman who bears the physical and emotional scars of a traumatic house fire. Her shy demeanor and lack of self-confidence are juxtaposed with her deep appreciation for her family's heritage. To Maggie, the family quilt holds immense sentimental value, serving as a tangible connection to her ancestors and a symbol of continuity in their daily lives.

Dee, on the other hand, embodies a more modern and cosmopolitan perspective. Having received an education, Dee perceives herself as superior to her rural roots and family. Her decision to change her name to Wangero reflects her desire to distance herself from her past and embrace a new identity. Dee's return home, accompanied by her partner Hakim-a-barber, is marked by a stark contrast between her glamorous appearance and her superficial interest in her family's artifacts. She sees the quilts and other heirlooms not as symbols of heritage but as fashionable items to adorn her home.

The Symbolism of the Quilt

The quilt, a central motif in Walker's narrative, serves as a powerful emblem of the family's history and identity. Handmade by Grandma Dee and Mama, the quilt is a patchwork of memories, incorporating pieces of clothing worn by ancestors like Grandpa Jarrell and Great Grandpa Ezra. It encapsulates the struggles and triumphs of generations, weaving together stories of resilience and perseverance. For Mama and Maggie, the quilt is a cherished legacy, a reminder of their African-American heritage and a source of familial pride.

Walker deftly uses the quilt to underscore the differing attitudes towards heritage within the family. Maggie's willingness to sacrifice the quilt for the sake of preserving her relationship with Dee highlights her selflessness and deep understanding of familial bonds. Mama's decision to ultimately give the quilt to Maggie signifies her recognition of Maggie's genuine appreciation for their heritage. In contrast, Dee's desire for the quilt is driven by a superficial desire for status and aesthetic appeal, highlighting her disconnect from the true meaning of heritage.

The Themes of Love and Education

Throughout "Everyday Use," Walker weaves themes of love, education, and identity into the fabric of her narrative. Maggie's love for her family and heritage is evident in her willingness to prioritize relationships over material possessions. Her quiet strength and unwavering loyalty stand in stark contrast to Dee's self-centered pursuit of personal gain. Walker suggests that true love for one's heritage is not about possessing artifacts but about cherishing the connections they represent.

Education, another central theme, is portrayed as a double-edged sword. While Dee's education empowers her to explore new opportunities, it also alienates her from her roots. Walker critiques the notion that education alone can define a person's identity, emphasizing the importance of humility and gratitude. Dee's failure to appreciate her family's contributions to her success serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of losing sight of one's origins.

In conclusion, Alice Walker's "Everyday Use" is a poignant exploration of the complexities of family heritage and identity. Through the contrasting perspectives of Mama, Maggie, and Dee, Walker highlights the enduring significance of cultural traditions and the diverse ways in which individuals relate to their heritage. The story serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of preserving one's roots while embracing personal growth, urging readers to find a balance between honoring the past and forging a path forward.

Did you like this example?

783

41