Literary Foil: Definition and Examples in Literature

A literary foil is a character who contrasts with another, typically the protagonist, to highlight particular qualities or flaws. This technique, used across various genres, enriches narratives by deepening character development and enhancing thematic expression. For example, in Shakespeare's "Hamlet," the impulsive Laertes accentuates Hamlet's introspective nature. In "Harry Potter," Draco Malfoy's arrogance and prejudice underscore Harry's humility and openness. Foils can be antagonists, but not necessarily; their primary function is to provide a mirror that reflects and clarifies the central character's attributes, motivations, and growth, offering readers a more profound understanding of the story's dynamics.

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